A guide to cotton fabric for sewing and quilting
Cotton is one of the most popular fabrics for sewing because it is breathable, easy to cut and sew, and available in a wide range of prints and solids. It suits beginners and experienced sewers alike, and works for clothing, quilts, home decor and crafts.
Common types of cotton fabric
- Quilting cotton: a mid-weight woven fabric with a crisp hand, made for quilts, bags and small projects.
- Broadcloth and poplin: smooth, tightly woven fabrics for shirts, dresses and lightweight garments.
- Cotton lawn and voile: light and airy for blouses, summer dresses and scarves.
- Cotton twill and canvas: sturdy fabrics for pants, aprons, totes and upholstery projects.
- Cotton jersey: a soft knit for tees and loungewear that needs a stretch needle.
- Flannel: brushed for warmth, used for sleepwear, blankets and linings.
Choosing the right cotton
Match weight and weave to the project. Light fabrics drape and suit flowing garments. Medium weights hold shape for quilts and structured items. Heavier weights stand up to wear and need a stronger needle.
Cotton sewing tips
- Pre-wash and dry cotton before cutting to allow for shrinkage.
- Press with a hot iron and steam for crisp seams.
- Use a universal or quilting needle for wovens and a ballpoint or stretch needle for knits.
- Choose cotton or all-purpose polyester thread in a matching color.
- Check the fabric grain before cutting so garments hang correctly.
Prints, colors and collections
Cotton comes in solids, florals, geometric prints and seasonal themes. Coordinating collections make it easy to mix patterns and build a cohesive quilt or home project.
Yardage and planning
Check your pattern for the yardage needed, and buy a little extra for matching prints, pre-wash shrinkage and mistakes.
Caring for cotton projects
Wash cotton according to the care label, and test colorful fabrics for bleeding before combining them. Press finished items for a polished look.
Complete your project
Add stabilizers, interfacing, thread, needles and notions suited to your fabric. A rotary cutter, mat and ruler help you cut accurately, and a good iron keeps seams flat.
Browse apparel fabric, flannel, precut fabric, batting and patterns to plan your next project.